CHANEL - Brand Equity, Brand Positioning, Brand strategy Essay

CHANEL - Brand Equity, Brand Positioning, Brand strategy - Essay Example Even if they are somehow surviving, that is not because of what they are but because of what they were. They are â€Å"Too Big to fail† but not good enough to succeed, move forward and grow. One cannot completely blame these brands, their marketing managers, and owners for their failure. In the last few decades, the world changed in such unexpected and ruthless way that nobody got a second chance. Moreover, in the name of globalization, increased competition and customer awareness and empowerment, life became even more troublesome for these oldies. However, there are still some brands that were able to absorb all these shocks, maintain their integrity, respect and dignity, outclassed their competitors and are still very much captivating and appealing (Koda, Bolton & Garelick, 2005). They have become symbols of class, respect, honor, and success. However, the question here is what made these brands so great that when their competitors where winding up their businesses, they were still on the road of growth? What has been their magic formula that has been strengthening them over the period? What branding strategies have kept their brand alive and intact? This paper would move further by narrowing its focus to one of the brands that fulfill the above-mentioned criteria of long historical presence and everlasting brand power. Without any doubts, Chanel fulfills these criteria qui te comfortably. Quite understandably, Chanel enjoys immense brand equity in the market and that is why it has been so successful over the past decades. According to marketing experts, there are many reasons for the same. Firstly, the long and eventful history of Chanel provides it an edge over others and contributes to its equity. Previous records of accomplishment, past history and previous customer experiences play a crucial role in branding. This is because one of the most important roles of branding is to help customers to assign responsibility to the

Defense of leisure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Defense of leisure - Essay Example This becomes the only path to reach man’s full potential. The human mind has the capacity to think and reason out, thus, allowing it to reflect on what happened and what is happening in his world, in his life. Leisure’s purpose is to act on directing the human to the path of wholeness. It is not to be just relived from the limited functions that humanity can do or take but it is to â€Å"retain the faculty of grasping the world as a whole and realizing his full potentialities†¦to reach wholeness† (Pieper, 50). Leisure has been described as a ritual for humans to rejuvenate or replenish their strength to move forward and continue the things they do, or the task of their existence (Pieper 17). In comparison with the modern days, as development progress in human along with their cultures, leisure is now commonly known as a way to release stress and fatigue mentally and emotionally. The concept of how leisure eases the mind by contemplating on one’s existence and direction for wholeness has slowly diminished. One of the essentials for survival is performing the limited functions of being human, that is to work and to perform the tasks at hand in order to continue living. As simple minds become more sophisticated, the traditions and one’s outlook on work has changed. This is in relation to utilitarianism, in which, humans focus on the means to live rather than on the purpose of one’s existence. Pieper quoted Weber saying one does not work to live, but rather one lives to work (Pieper p.20). And today that phrase is not very hard to understand, or rather the human race has come to accept it as part of our existence and use leisure to take away every worry that we have and temporarily forget our problems. Leisure, in connection with this, is thought to be something that humans can do after finishing all the limited functions that one has in order to live. One then finishes work to be

The Challenges Of Academic Writing English Language Essay

The Challenges Of Academic Writing English Language Essay Academic writing is clearly very important for a student and cannot be avoided. Moreover, not only will quality academic writing help to succeed in your college life, it is essential for your career as well. The documentation you present to your manager or supervisor is the direct reflection of your ideas, your knowledge and, most importantly, of you on the paper. Academic writing encourages you critical thinking, brings out the creativity and potentially facilitates intellectual growth. To me, academic writing is an art. Art that requires a lot of research in the field. After collecting all the data, the writer has to put his thoughts on the paper using good vocabulary and phrases in the best way to open up the subject. The benefits of academic writing are very obvious, so are the difficulties that come with it. Courses like English 1101 are designed to prepare students for proper academic communication, however, its hard to believe that one can learn how to write in one semester. I think my academic writing has developed tremendously, considering the fact that features like MLA and active voice dont frighten me as much; however, using third person voice is still very challenging and is something that I will have to keep working on. No doubt, using MLA format is probably one of the biggest challenges for students in their academic careers. Im not going to lie, when I first started the course, I had no idea what MLA was and, truthfully, I was terrified just by looking at aspects like in-text citations, paraphrasing, integrating quotations and, especially, Works Cited page of the essay. To me it was really important to realize the purpose of using MLA style in my academic writing. First of all, it is a distinctive format that creates the proper way of written communication, secondly, it is a system of referencing the sources through the parenthetical citations and Works Cited pages which gives the writer credibility. Given these points, it didnt take me long to realize that I will probably have to use this style through out my whole academic career, and I immediately came to the conclusion that the sooner I will learn all the details of it, the better foundation I will have for the future. Looking back now, I real ize that there was nothing to be scared of . Undoubtedly, it didnt come easy: learning MLA was very time-consuming, required a lot of effort and practice. At the end of the day, I am feeling pretty comfortable with it, and if I have questions in the future, I have the right tools to address the issue. Another aspect of academic writing is using active voice. This is something I was very familiar with from the very beginning, however, knowing it doesnt mean that you can use it. A lot of times I had to catch myself trying to make my sentences sound very à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“formalà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , which often meant putting sentences in passive voice. As a result, I would end up having long, confusing and unclear sentences, that left the reader guessing. It was essential for me to comprehend that not only does passive voice creates an obstruction in understanding who is doing the action, but also passive voice sentences end up being wordy and distracting. On the other hand, using active voice in academic essays helps to phrase your thoughts and ideas straight to the point giving the reader a clear explanation of your point of view. For this reason, I found that using complex-compound sentences in active voice is the most powerful way of portraying your ideas, because its those elements tha t add richness and color to the essays. In addition,varying the rhythm by alternating short and long sentences can add playfulness and sound less monotone. Also, varying sentence openings will help to make everything cohesive and add individuality to each sentence. So, my ultimate goal is going to be balancing all of these aspects. My biggest personal challenge in this course was writing the academic essays in third voice. Even though the whole concept of why we should write in third voice was clear to me, using it in actual essays was extremely difficult. Yes, it sounds less subjective, more credible and professional. No doubt, maintaining third voice in academical writing helps to give a serious tone and convey the information in a clear way. However, the formality of it sometimes leaves very little for individuality and your personal style. Not being able to use I, I think or in my opinion just kind of left me disopinionated. How can you write about your experiences, attitudes and viewpoints without including yourself in them? Ultimately, in this process I had to shift my thought process: by not using the personal language and personal judgment phrases, I was able to express many different opinions. Writing in third voice helps to stay neutral and strictly refer to the facts. Overall, I think Im on right tra ck, although I know I still have a lot of work ahead of me. All things considered, I think my academic writing skills improved excessively, especially considering that they were non-existent before. Im glad I took this course early on my journey because Im taking a lot with me to the future. Along the way I had a chance to to sharpen up my research making skills, exercise rational and creative thinking and learn about helpful sources like online library and online tutoring sessions. Im sure I will be able to use these skills not only in my academic life but also in my professional and personal lives in various ways. Do I consider myself a writer? Probably not. However, Im definitely more comfortable with my writing. I understand there is room for improvement, but I have all the tools to succeed.

Graduation Speech -- Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

I did not get to know many of you. So, I cannot be certain of how you feel, but, as for me, this year has been, by far, the most enjoyable and eye opening one of my high school career. Enjoyable because of the new, interesting friends I've made and of the fun times I've had, and eye opening because of my being forced to look towards the future. Not just day dreaming and imagining about the rest of my life, but finally having to sit down and make some definite decisions concerning it. For me and many of you, colleges have had to be applied for and decided on and scholarships filled out. Some of you have been looking into vocational schools or the military, while others will be going straight into the work force. Whatever your case may be, we've all had one thing in common in that we've been planning for our futures. Since the decisions we make now or soon will impact the rest of our lives, I'd like to take this time to share some advice with you all. The most important advice I believe I can share is to do what you want to do. Don't be pressured into some life career because it's the most respectable or because it would make your family the proudest. Happiness is the greatest goal in life and is self-contained. The happiness of others will not satisfy you in the long run. If your fondest wish is to become an Atlantic Puffin breeder in northern Maine, then go for it. Don't allow anyone or anything to stop you. Also, many of you must fully realize how much time of your life a job will take up. Not just working, but preparing for it and the thought that will go towards it daily. In fact, for most of you, your life will revolve around your job. Where you live, who you see everyday, will mostly be dependent upon the job you choose... ... So, don't think that just because you're not starting college right away or not going to college at all, that you're bound to not get what you want out of life. It takes work, but, if you're determined enough, you can usually achieve your goals. Though you cannot expect to achieve all the goals you set for yourself, don't ever be afraid to at least try. Failure is one of the greatest ways to learn in that although you have failed, the new experiences you have gained while trying to achieve your goal will make you aware of new possibilities and allow you to form new goals for yourself. So remember, don't conform into exactly what society wants you to be. Do what you want to do. And if you don't know what that is already, find out. Don't be afraid to try different things. Be a risk taker. Live your lives for all they're worth because they won't last forever!

The Role of Research and Statistics in the Field of Psychology

John B. Watson work on classical behaviorism that paved the way for B. F. Skinner's radical or operant behaviorism which has had a large impact on educational systems. Watson was one of the influential psychologists of the twentieth century. His material is still used in most psychology and educational psychology texts. Watson helped with defining the study of behavior anticipated Skinner's emphasis on operant conditioning and the importance of learning and environmental influences in human development.Watson’s criticized of Sigmund Freud has been given credit for helping to disseminate principles of Freudian psychoanalysis. Watson is known for the Little Albert study and his dozen healthy infants quote. Watson is given credit for popularizing the term behaviorism with the publication of his seminal 1913 article â€Å"Psychology as the Behaviorist Views It. † In the article, Watson argued that psychology had failed in its quest to become a natural science, largely due t o a focus on consciousness and other unseen phenomena.Rather than study these unverifiable ideas, Watson urged the careful scientific study of observable behavior. His view of behaviorism was a reaction to introspection, where each researcher served as their own research subject. The study of consciousness by Freud and Watson believed to be subjective and unscientific. Watson believed that controlled laboratory studies were the most effective way to study learning. In approach manipulation of the learner's environment was the key to fostering development.The approach stands in contrast to techniques that placed the emphasis for learning in the mind of the learner. The 1913 article gives credit for the founding of behaviorism but it had a minor impact after its publication. Watson prepared psychologists and educators for the highly influential work of Skinner and other radical behaviorists in subsequent decades. B. F. Skinner was one of the most influential theorists in modern psycho logy. His work was very important and has been studied by many for years. His theories have helped mankind in many ways.He studied the behavior patterns of many living organisms. His most important work was the study of behaviorism. John B. Watson, behaviorism is one of the most widely studied theories today; Influence in Psychology. B. F. Skinner was one of the most famous of the American psychologists. Skinner was responsible for experiments such as the â€Å"Skinner box†. He wrote some very famous books. One of them was â€Å"The Behavior of Organisms†. This book describes the basic points of his system. Another was Walden Two. This book describes a utopian society that functions on positive reinforcement.Behaviorism is a school of thought in psychology that is interested in observable behavior. Skinner said, â€Å"Behaviorism is not the science of human behavior; it is the philosophy of that science. † There are various types of behavior, such as innate beha vior. Innate behaviors are certain behaviors. B. F. Skinner, in his novel Walden Two, presents many arguments about how he foresees a positive change in the world through manipulation of behavior on the personal level. B. F. Skinner's entire system is based on operant conditioning. This organism is the process of operating on the environment.This operating the organism encounters a special kind of stimulus called a reinforcing stimulus or reinforcer. The special stimulus have the effect of increasing the operant which is the behavior occurring. Operant conditioning the behavior is followed by a consequence or the nature of the consequence modifies the organisms’ tendency to repeat the behavior in the future. Example; you have a cat and the cat just playing around with a ball and when you throw the ball at the cat and the cat catches it and you give him a treat. The cat is starts to catch the ball as you throw it in the air .The operant is the behavior prior to. The cat will s top the trick which you’re were enjoying. This is called extinction of the operant behavior. If you were to start showing the dog treats then likely the cat with start doing the tricks again and more quickly than the cat learned at first. This is because the return of the reinforcer takes place in a reinforcement history that goes all the way back to the first time the cat was reinforced for doing the tricks. Freud and Skinner agree that human behavior is the result of outside barriers that hinder the ideal of free ill. Skinner believes that humans in good environment can live happy while Freud understands that humans are design to live in some degree of anguish or discontent. Skinner uses the example of Walden Two to illustrate his ideas of how human behavior should be formed. Skinner’s argues on how to eliminate what he knows as problematic rests on his prescription of dismissing the notion of individual freedom. Skinner does not only say that the ideal of individual freedom is farce. He takes further and states that the search for it is where society has gone wrong.He wants no part in the quest for individual freedom. If we give up this illusion, says Skinner, we can condition everyone to act in acceptable ways. Skinner has a specific prescription for creating this utopian society. He believe that all that is necessary is to change the conditions which surround man. He believe that by controlling what a person's environment is it is possible to craft a man to behave in any way. Skinner wants to use this notion to create a world without pain and suffering. In Walden Two, he describes what conditions are necessary to create a world of happiness.Skinner proposes that to create his perfect society one need only to come up with the characteristics of what man should be. Edward Chace Tolman was a modern cognitive psychology. He showed that animals in learning mazes acquire organized spatial and temporal information about the maze and about the conse quences of various alternative behaviors. He was combating the dominant views of his time which emphasized the acquisition of conditioned reflexes rather than knowledge about environmental events. Although several short biographies or reviews of Tolman's contributions are (Crutchfield, 1961; Crutchfield et al. 1960; Hilgard, 1980; Innes, 1999, 2000; McFarland, 1993; Ritchie, 1964; Tolman, 1952), it is appropriate that one be included in an encyclopedia of learning and memory because workers in this field today are using ideas that were initiated and developed by Tolman. Tolman's findings and ideal have helped to shape modern understanding of learning, memory and cognition. Tolman was similar to the behaviorists in his ideals on objectivity and measurement. He did not believe reinforcement was necessary for learning to occur. Tolman (1932) proposed five types of learning: pproach learning, escape learning, avoidance learning, choice-point learning, and latent learning. All forms of l earning depend upon means-end readiness, goal-oriented behavior, mediated by expectations, perceptions, representations, and other internal or environmental variables But the problems with his work were that he poorly defined many terms that he used in his fundamental theories, and that is difficult to make predictions from a point of view because of lack of determining the nature and strength of expectations before hand and when or how expectations may change.There are different ways to think about humans and their behaviors. In modern psychology provide researchers a way to approach problems and find ways to explain and predict human behavior. Develop new treatment for problem with behaviors. All three men contributes to psychology even to psychologist are still using their methods in studies. Several area of the human’s behavior is accomplished by Skinner, Watson and Tolman that stand today in modern psychology.These men did not agree on every thing but made a caramel grou nd in studying the human behavior. Also they was studied of animal compare with the human’s behavior which many theory still exist today. These three men remain widely accepted, but all have contributed tremendously to our understanding of human thought and behaviors. The field of psychology has come a long way and these are three men that help paved the way for modern psychology for researchers and student who studied field pertaining to psychology. The Role of Research and Statistics in the Field of Psychology The Role of Research and Statistics in the Field of Psychology Abstract Research and statistics are essential elements within the field of Psychology. Through the evolution of technology, the task of conducting adequate research and statistics methods have become abundant in methodology. Because of such, research collection and experimentation approaches of researchers and Psychologists, greatly vary in specificity. However, one method reigns true and consistent, and that is the Scientific Method; of which will be further explored.This paper will discuss and make sense of the roles in which both research and statistics play in the field of Psychology, and the procedures in which such methods are conducted will be defined. This will include explanations of the validity, importance, and relevance of the above stated procedures, as such are referenced for study. The Role of Research and Statistics in the Field of Psychology Research and statistics play a crucial role in the field of psy chology, both of which are used to ascertain and examine informational data. Such methods are used to greatly increase the effectiveness and success of an organization or field of study.Scientific or logical informational data is typically established through the use of the scientific method. Over the course of research history and study, the scientific method has become known to be the most reliable and consistent method of obtaining dependable knowledge. Such knowledge is then kept and utilized by researchers, either for their own study (primary data), or by a secondary party referencing said data (secondary data). Essentially, the field of Psychology is geared towards ascertaining the truth about people, the mental process, and behaviors that follow.The truth can only truly be found through the above methods. The Scientific Method For as long as the human mind has had thought, human beings have, in one way or another, questioned, observed, and analyzed the world we live in and th e way we proceed to live within it. These human beings, the thinkers, the observers, the analyzers have always been and still remain the scholars of their time period. The phrase â€Å"method of scholars† is an alternative title for the scientific method, for it is the absolute best set of methods in finding the truth, and of course the scholars would know. It has often been said that the greatest discovery in science was the discovery of the scientific method of discovery†: (Feibleman, 1972). This method is an investigation in which a problem is initially identified. With this, observations, experiments, and other relevant data (provided by research) are then used to create or test hypotheses that lead to conclusions about the original problem. The steps involved in this process include: 1) Forming a testable hypothesis. 2) Devising a research plan and method of application. 3) Collecting data and researching. 4) Analyzing the data and reaching possible conclusions abo ut the study. ) Report findings. This research can be characterized as an activity of creative work that is carried out in a systematic way in an effort to increase knowledge and truth. In the field of psychology, this refers to the knowledge of the human mind, human behavior, cultures, and societies. In order to fully understand how researchers, scientists, psychologists, scholars, and students alike reach such conclusions, one needs to recognize the importance of the research process and measures that are applied when conducting the various types of psychological research.With this knowledge, one will not only understand what is involved in reaching conclusions about psychology, but also how to do so oneself. (McLeod, 2008) Primary and Secondary Data. Primary and secondary data are both key components in any piece of information. These two types of data are used within many avenues of life, not just research and science. They can be published or unpublished and in any media presen tation, from print to electronic. Therefore, since Primary and secondary data are quite abundant, yet perhaps undistinguishable from the uneducated eye†¦ What exactly are the differences and characteristics of such?The distinct difference between primary and secondary data is the method of research in which the data was found. While primary data is both researched and utilized by the same source, secondary data comes from the research of a combination of external or secondary sources. An accurate example of primary data is that of personal vital statistics records, for such are accounts that have been personally witnessed and recorded by the source, and then kept by public institutions, as well as the source. Specific examples of personal records would include but are not limited to: birth certificates, death certificates, and marriage licenses.Such examples are vital to the functioning of an individual and the organization (country) of which that individual resides. Additional ly, such documents can be used in genealogical research, and other research projects related to society, culture, and psychology. One stepped removed from the original source of data, would be data that is secondary. A prime example of such would be information found in textbooks and historical documents, which are comprised of information that was borrowed from multiple primary sources.Case in point, when a history book includes computed data regarding a regions birth and death rates for a specific time period, the birth and death certificates would have originally been considered primary data, but when utilized and calculated by an outside source for the purpose of a study shown in the book, that data then becomes secondary. (McLeod, 2008) Statistics in Research. Statistics are a crucial part of research. Without, statistics, it is nearly impossible to attain a definitive conclusion and/or compute data in any research study.Being that the study of statistics is the science of coll ecting, analyzing, and making inferences from data, it quite literally communicates research findings in an effort to give credibility to the research itself. Obviously, it is imperative that researchers understand statistics, however, it is also important that the general population has at least a basic understanding of such. For not only researchers, but the entire population is bombarded by statistics every day, and in one way or another, everyone performs research.Whether the research is nominal, such as comparing prices, or significant, such as proving a ground breaking psychological theory, the point remains that it is all research and all research is comprised of statistics (Aron & Coups, 2009). Conclusion. Arthur Schopenhauer once said, â€Å"Just as the largest library, badly arranged, is not so useful as a very moderate one that is well arranged, so the greatest amount of knowledge, if not elaborated by our own thoughts, is worth much less than a far smaller volume that h as been abundantly and repeatedly thought over. Schopenhauer’s quote is an excellent representation of the importance of research, the scientific method, primary data, secondary data, and the role of statistics in research. Essentially, an abundance of information is only influential and valuable when it has been analyzed and brought to purposeful point. Through the understanding and proper use of the above explored topics, one can surely make a positive impact upon the field of Psychology and research alike. References Aron, A. , Aron, E. N. , & Coups, E. J. (2009). Statistics for psychology (5th ed. ).Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Darwin, Charles. (1859). On The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, 428. Retrieved from http://todayinsci. com/QuotationsCategories/P_Cat/Psychology-Quotations. htm Feibleman, Dr. James. (1972). The Scientific Method. Retrieved from http://www. scientificmethod. com/index2. html McLeod, S. A. (2008). Psychology as a S cience. Retrieved from http://www. simplypsychology. org/science-psychology. html Reiff, Harwood, Phillipson. (2002). â€Å"A scientific method based upon research scientists' conceptions of scientific inquiry. (Presentation). Presented at the Annual International Conference of the Association for the Education of Teachers in Science. Retrieved from http://cires. colorado. edu/education/outreach/rescipe/collection/inquirystandards. html Sage, Nicole. (2001). â€Å"Steps of the Scientific Method†. Introduction to Research. Retrieved from http://finntrack. co. uk/learners/research. htm Figures The Scientific Method based on Research Scientists’ Conceptions of Scientific Inquiry (Reiff, Harwood, Phillipson , 2002) Standard Steps of the Scientific Method (Sage, 2001)

Britain is a sexist society Essay

Sexism is prejudice or animosity towards gender, institutionally or personally. The term is most often used for women, but it is generally aimed for all genders. In the United Kingdom, in the past few years 72% of women claimed they got abused due to their workplaces. Compared to 67% in 2002, 72% of women said yes, when asked; if they had ever felt intimidated at work by a fellow employee. Even with these results, 81% of the women said that they would not report these cases to their managers because they would be shy or worried. In addition, they believe that being female harmed their chances of career progression (82%) in 2006, compared to 78% in 2002 because males are the dominant office culture. The main reasons that sexism takes place is because one gender will feel another gender is weaker and not as successful as another. They will feel as if they have not got the ability e. g: workplaces without giving them any chance to prove themselves. This is clearly a stubborn and an ignorant way to treat people. Sexism is certainly taking place in the UK and there are numerous ways, which denotes that sexism does manifest in this country, such as: making prejudice statements and using offensive terms. In addition there was someone paying you less because of gender, this would be sexism. If you make friends and talk to more people based on their personality, this will help fight sexism and also joining anti-sexist campaigns will help the community.

Health Benefits and Risk Associated With Wine Essays

Health Benefits and Risk Associated With Wine Essays Health Benefits and Risk Associated With Wine Paper Health Benefits and Risk Associated With Wine Paper Wine is an alcoholic drink or beverage that is made from juice of grapes. It is usually produce by fermentation of the grape juice by microorganism called yeast. Other substances apart from grape juice can also be used to make wine; such substances include fermented juice of pears, apples, berries and some flowers extracts such as dandelions (Microsoft Encarta, 2008). Wine has been found to contain up to 85-89 percent of water and up to 10-14 percent of alcohol. Other substance found in wine include slight amount of acids, different types of aroma, and trace amount of flavor. Wine consumption and making practices has been in existence for more than 8,000 years (Microsoft Encarta, 2008) and the practice of making and component used in wine has changed with time. Civilization in some regions of the world made people of those regions to regards wine as a gift from God, simply because they believe that it can protect people from some form of diseases. Some find it safer to drink compare to wine and milk because of the microbicidal effects of ethanol which is the alcohol found in most wine. There are different species of wine grapes and they differ from one another in terms of color, size and shape of the grape and the grapes are usually grown under different conditions of climate (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2008). Some of those species are vitis   Vinifera, V vinifera scions, V labrusca, V, rotundifolia. Wines vary with region in terms of production, the maturity of the grapes. Health benefits and Risks associated with the consumption of wine Over the past several decades, many studies have suggested that there are several health benefits and risk associated with the consumption of wine especially the red wine. Some studies suggested that wine exerts some effect on the lipid content of the blood while some suggested an increase in the risk of high blood pressure in relation to wine consumption. The most implicated content of red wine is the flavenoids. This substance has been found to have an association with risk of developing dementia. According to Commenges et al â€Å"Since there are evidences supporting the hypothesis that diet rich in flavenoids cause reduce risk of dementia† (Cited in Luc, 2003). Some studies consider the presence of other antioxidant as important factor when we consider the beneficial factors associated with consumption of red wine. The antioxidants were found to help reduce or protect the body from oxidative stresses which was found to be age dependent (Michelle, Louise, 2006). Those studies support the hypothesis that there’s a slight increase in the blood concentration of high density lipoprotein and anti-clotting factor which has been found to be beneficial to the cardiovascular system. In a study published by Luc Letenneur (2003) where he consider the risk of Dementia and alcohol and wine consumption, he stated that there is an association between the disease state and the wine consumption in that, there is a reduction in the risk of developing dementia when a person consume alcohol or wine at a moderate level but not found to be causal in it effect. He also commented on the psychotropic effects of alcohol consumption. Apart from the neurological diseases like dementia, there are different bodies of knowledge supporting the effects of alcohol on the cardiovascular and neurovascular system. Those researches tend to support moderate consumption of alcohol as in the case of wine, having a beneficial effect in helping to protect against hypertension, ischemic heart disease, stroke and gallstones in some group of people (Australia health, 2009). The evidences suggested that there is reduction in the synthesis of endothelin-1 when red wine is consume in low quantity, this vasoactive peptide which is an important etiological factor in atherosclerosis and this suggests a protective effect that has been attributed to wine consumption( R corder et al, 2001). Another important constituent of the red wine is procyanidins which is other major vasoactive peptides found to be cardioprotective (R corder et al, 2006). The protective effect of alcohol is more profound in individual above forty years of age showing that individual below these age groups are at more risk of the negatives effect of the alcohol when excessive quantity is being consumed. Resveratrol is another important constituent of red wine. It is also known as phytoalexin which are known to be a major defense mechanism found in plants. It helps plants to fight invading microorganisms or fungus. It also helps plants to fight stress, injury, infections. This substance has a high concentration in red wine. The effect of this substance has been associated with infection control and ability to reduce tumor incidence in the body. Some evidences suggest resveratrol can help to reduce inflammation (Medicine.Net, 2009). Red wine has also been suggested to help maintain the integrity of blood vessels according to the research study published in 1992 (cited in BBC Health, 2001), thereby helping to reduce some of the cardiovascular disease that are associated with the destruction of the blood vessels integrity such as atherosclerosis. Health risks Unlike the experiment of Luc Letenneur which suggests that moderate intake of red wine which is about 2 glasses per day decrease the risk associated with developing dementia, an opposing view was published by the healthjockey.com in an article titled â€Å"daily wine consumption increases the risk of cancer†. The article focused on the study by the National cancer institute which suggested that no quantity of alcohol is good for the body, be it in form of wine or beer. It is also said that â€Å"the cause is the transformation of ethanol in wine to alcohol to acetaldehyde which is the main culprit in the etiologies of the genetic changes resulting in cancers† (healthjockey.com, 2009). Wine can also cause oral cancers because of its alcoholic content. This has been ascribe to the dehydrating effects of the alcohol on the oral mucosa and this tend to potentiates the effects of other topical carcinogens consume by such individual. The alcoholic content of wine when consume in excess can also cause the following conditions; liver cirrhosis which later progress to primary liver cell carcinoma, cancers such as breast, oral and colorectal cancers. It can also cause stroke, inflammatory heart disease, hypertension, and memory lapse. It also predisposes such an individual to road traffic accidents, falls, suicide and drowning. Another important health risk factor associated with wine consumption is the presence of sulphites which if present in large quantity is toxic to the body. This compound is usually found in wine during fermentation in a small or trace amount but those that produce wine also add this compound to preserve the wine character, flavor and color (About.com, 2009). The health implication of this compound is that it causes allergic reactions in susceptible patients such as patient with asthma. It tends to result in reactions such as nasal congestion, headaches, skin flush, broncho-constriction, nausea, abdominal pain and dizziness (About.com, 2009). Drinking too much alcohol, be it in form of wine or beer has been attributed to increase the level of lipid in the blood especially the triglycerides which will subsequently predispose the individual to high blood pressure and increased calorie intakes (American Heart Association, 2009). Other health effects of excessive alcohol consumption are a risk factor in the etiology of the following diseases; cardiomyopathies, cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. A mother with addiction to alcohol predisposes the fetus to a condition termed fetal alcohol syndrome. Conclusion It’s a must for us to know that in the adolescent who much compare to the adults are at a greater health risk of consuming wine and should not be advice to consume any form of alcohol (beer and wine) because at this age, risk associated with consuming moderate alcohol outweighs the benefits they can derive from it. When we consider the effects of addiction on those who consume alcohol we can infer that in the society at large the use of alcohol as a medication should never be encourage but should be left for the drinker’s discretion to decide what he or she will do or how he or she will consume alcohol. Retrieved April 26, from www.about.com AHA, (2009). Alcohol, wine and cardiovascular diseases; American Heart Association Retrieved April 26, from www.hearthub.com Australian Health, (2008). Excessive Alcohol consumption; Australian health Retrieved April 26, 2009 from www.australianhealth.com BBC.co.uk, (2001). Alcohol; Nutrition and healthy living. BBC Health Retrieved April 28, 2009 from www.bbc.co.uk Bisson, Linda F., and Butzke, Christian E. (2008). Wine. Microsoft ® Student 2008 [DVD]. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2007.

Romeo And Juliet Essays - William Shakespeare, Kings Men

Romeo And Juliet Essays - William Shakespeare, Kings Men Romeo And Juliet Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, these amazing plays all originated from the single mind of William Shakespeare. The plays in which Shakespeare wrote, he wrote out of a very small educated mind a distinct love for the bible and of course, an imagination. The plays in which Shakespeare wrote were all written as an adult to, leaving his past to be misled into false claims. Shakespeare never wrote and autobiography and much is not known about his childhood sense it was never a real corner stone for people who enjoyed his plays and poems to think about, but as the saying goes, you cant understand your future till you understand your past. This strictly helps us interpret why each and every persons childhood, famous or not, is important. Do you know what kind of childhood Shakespeare had? Do you know where he started from? William Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon in the Province of Warwickshire England in 1564 to John Shakespeare and Mary ( Arden ) Shakespeare. Stratford was a relatively prosperous market town ( Loxton 13 ) in middle England, which had a fairly large population. When William was three months old, the plague raged in Stratford ( Lee 10 ) and took the lives of many, and killed one out of every seven that was living in the town at that time. Lucky William and the Shakespeare family escaped the plague, and as from records, no one in the Shakespeare family had contracted the awful illness. The Shakespeare family was a close-knit one, and they had to be in those days. William Shakespeares family consisted of John, the father, Mary the mother, 3 brothers, Gilbert, Edmund, Richard, 4 sisters, Joan, Ann, another Joan, and Margaret, along with Shakespeares Grandfather and Grandmother( rarely heard of ). Although they could escape the plague they could not escape the overwhelming commonness of the death of infants in that time ( Lee 10 ). Mary the mother of William Shakespeare was the daughter of Robert Arden and Had, In all, Eight Children with John Shakespeare ( Gray 3 ). The first daughter of Mary and John was Joan, who died at birth in 1558. The second born to the couple was the daughter Margaret, which was born in 1562 and died a year later in 1563. The third child born to John and Mary, in 1564 finally was William Shakespeare and as we all know lived into adulthood ( Fido 11 ). April 1564 is the month in which Shakespeare was baptized but no exact birth date was ever given, but since he died close to his birthday which happened to fall on the 23rd of April, the same date as St. Georges birthday, the people recognize this as his official birth date ( Loxton 10 ). The next member of the Shakespeare family was Williams brother was Gilbert and he also lived into adulthood. He was born in 1566 and later died in 1612, a fairly short life but this was common back in his time ( Kay 17 ). The next born, the second Joan in the Shakespeare family also lived to be an adult, as she was born in 1566 and later died in 1612. The 6th born child, who was Anne, died at age 8, when William was only 15. The death of his sister probably caused great pain to William and the whole family as most deaths do, and was just another loss to add to the family at that time. She was born in 1571 and later died in 1579. Richard Shakespeare, named after his grandfather, was the 7th born and also lived into adulthood, but by no means was it a long adult life. I lived till 1613 and was born in 1574. The last child, Edmund, like Richard was also named after a relative in the family. He was named after his uncle Edmund on his mothers side. Edmund also like Richard didnt live a very long adult life, living only a mere 28 years. Richard lived from 1580 till 1608. This was the immediate family to William Shakespeare and undoubtedly influenced his life a great deal, as all families do ( Lee 18-19 ).The most important figure in Shakespeares childhood life was, undoubtedly his father, John Shakespeare. In 1551, John Shakespeare left Snitterfield, which was his birthplace, to seek a career in the neighboring town of Stratford-Upon-Avon ( Lee 4 ). At one point John Shakespeare purchased 500 pounds of wool

Biodiversity Loss and Extinction

Loss of biodiversity and loss of extinction Biodiversity can cause extinction and harm to human lives. We are responsible for environmental consideration. We introduced a machine that destroys the environment and destroys the life of animals. We need to limit the land and resources we consume. There are several major problems that cause seeds to die out and cause our way of life to be compromised. Other animals may also affect the change in the food chain. Many of the problems of biodiversity loss are due to the interaction between humans and the environment. Statements concerning animal agriculture as a major factor in the loss of biodiversity and the extinction of species have received numerous discussions and interviews with the major authors and scientists working on the Convention on Biological Diversity and IUCN and the Millennium Ecosystem Support of publications on current biodiversity assessment proposed in the evaluation. , IUCN Red List, and prospects for global environmen t and biodiversity. As of August 2012, the assessment of world species in 2004 is the latest empirical data on global extinction rates based on birds, mammals and amphibians. Dr. Oppenlander and Dr. Simon Stuart, Interview with the International Committee Chair for Conservation of Nature Conservation Species: Main factors of loss of biodiversity: threat to cause loss of biodiversity / cause evolution of biodiversity loss / natural process of species / aging of ecosystem natural climate change / global warming invasive species / biodiversity of driver The loss is beyond its initial distribution range. Explanation of loss of biodiversity due to overfishing / abuse pollution / inadequate nutrient loading of ecosystems Direct cause direct explanation Explain the cause of basic biodiversity loss with indirect dynamics / Background rate of loss of biodiversity / where is the intruder responsible for reducing the historical proportion of species extinction? Invasive invasive range of invas ive alien species in your country

Evaluation of the national energy investment opportunities in wind Essay

Evaluation of the national energy investment opportunities in wind generation in Uk - Essay Example The current energy market consists of nuclear energy technology, hydroelectric systems, fossil fuels (i.e. coal and petroleum), with a sudden emergence in recent years of wind power development processes. This research project will focus specifically on electrical energy, with major players including nPower, E-On, Scottish Power and EDF (Boilers Prices, 2012). Currently, 91.4 percent of all electricity utilised in the UK come from traditional, non-renewable sources which indicates a need for further growth in renewable technology in this market. The entire UK energy market is currently valued at over ?28 billion (Research and Markets, 2008), which represents significant profit opportunities for the Big 6 energy providers, corporate investment and various venture capitalists looking for return on investment in energy. Passing of the Planning Act in 2008 provided new opportunities for all of these firms and independent investors to contribute more capital to infrastructure development by establishing a singular consent regime advocating more liberal government-mandated policies for what is referred to as Nationally Significant Infrastructure Projects (Sustainable Development Commission, 2012). 3. UK renewable energy strategy The European Union has been integral in dictating policy regarding the renewable energy strategies for member nations. In 2001, the EU Renewables Directive proposed a target for member nations to achieve 22.1 percent development of renewable electricity (Dept of Energy and Climate Change, 2010). This Renewables Directive highlights specific, incremental steps necessary to achieve this target including solar photovoltaic, hydroelectricity and wind power. The UK share of this directive was to be 10 percent renewable electricity by 2010 (DECC, 2012), a target met when including wind and other renewable project developments in the UK. Currently, renewable electricity accounts for 9.6 percent of total UK renewable delivery with a significant surge in wind technology since 2007, a rise in output of 120 percent annually (Guardian.co.uk, 2011). Figure 1 illustrates the significant growth in renewable with an emphasis on wind power from 1997 to 2007. Figure 1: National Statistics Illustrating Growth in Renewable Energy Sources Source: uk-air.defra.gov.uk/reports (2009). Statistics on Renewable Energy Improvements 1997-2007. Growth in renewable technology is being promoted by national government, local community government, corporate investment, and even consumer sentiment about sustainable living that influences both policy makers and development of investment firms dedicated to improving renewable energy source production. For instance, the Carbon Trust, an independent yet governmentally funded company is currently a major advocate for renewable energy sources, reinvesting capital from various commercial activities and reapplying this capital to achieve this mission (Carbon Trust, 2012). Partnerships between governmental actors , corporate investors, and independent companies like Carbon Trust have assisted in making progress to have more transparent renewable markets internationally and domestically. They have influenced the implementation of the Climate Change Bill, a measure providing liberalisation, incentives

MGMT338 U2 DB Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

MGMT338 U2 DB - Assignment Example Police detective and engineering manager are paid on base plus incentive arrangement. Here, they are compensated at 80% of the compensation plus an incentive component which offers them the chance to reward goal oriented performance (Armstrong, 2003). The benchmarking productivity is crucial for maintaining the standards of the group. Registered nurse and landscaper are paid straight salaries. Here, they are paid predetermined amount of cash annually. One of the effects of the compensation is a reduction in utilisation. The nurses and landscapers are no longer compensated for prescribing treatment and offering landscaping services respectively. Conversely, a mechanical engineer is paid on hourly basis. Here, an engineer is paid their time using hourly rates. This computes the compensation by multiplying the number of hours entered on the transaction sheet by the hourly rate. An engineer is paid depending on the number of hours (Khan, & Jain,

Module 3 and Journal Article Review 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Module 3 and Journal Article Review 3 - Essay Example The aging population of Germany, Romania and Sweden causes economic and social stir while each country has their own face of the problem and significant ways on solving it. Germany, Romania and Sweden share a common problem: a rapidly increasing aging population and its implications on the economic and social sector of their respective communities. However, they differ from the kind of effect this problem has done and the approach to meet the rising demand of the elderly care. Germany, as the most populous country in the European Union ironically faces a problem of birth rate decline and higher life expectancies (Weaver, n.d.a). In response, the country strengthened the rules on elderly care with the aim of providing the elderly a high quality of life. The extensive German healthcare systems provide a successful implementation of the German health care for the elderly laws. In fact, the German welfare system is one of Europe’s most comprehensive (Weaver, n.d.a). The countryâ⠂¬â„¢s increasing aging population is projected to have an effect on the country’s economy with a direct impact on the supply of human resource. Germany’s rules are comparable to that of the Sweden. ... nt concerns the disproportionate ratio between the pensioners and the total working force; the pensioners are 6 million while there are only â€Å"4.5 million who are actively employed. This is not just a major economic burden but also has subsequent social impact. If this trend would continue for several years more, the working population would be burdened with taxes. Consequently, the effect is a possible discrimination against the elderly as impotent and costly sector of the community. While Germany and Sweden aim for a high quality of life for its elders, Romania is on a struggle of compensating the needs of their aging population. The two countries mentioned may be fortunate than Romania but their effects would not be least destructing as it would still affect the future workforce. The most probable solution is the import of human resource from less developed countries. Journal Review 3 Germany: Family diversity with low actual and desired fertility--analysis An alarmingly low fertility rate is a demographic holocaust suffered by most developing countries nowadays. In the European nations, Germany is one of the countries to experience this kind of demographic problem and has anticipated adverse effects on the economy despite of its economic achievements. Two contrasting events suffer the demographic situation of modern Germany: first, is the baby boom in the 1960’s and the decline of birth rates in the succeeding decades. Germany is currently facing a challenge on the increasing ageing population with direct effects â€Å"giving rise to a threat to the social security systems† (Dorbritz, 2008). In the article by Jurgen Dorbitz, the writer explores on the core cause of Germany’s ageing population, its reasons and effects on the future of German Economy. Summary

Managing Financial Resources on Tesco and Sainsbury Essay

Managing Financial Resources on Tesco and Sainsbury - Essay Example Both the companies Tesco and Sainsbury are a retail giant multi-chain retail stores. Both the companies are companies have achieved profitability in the financial year 2013. Looking at the financial statement both the companies are in the relatively safe position in terms of profitability. On the overall Sainsbury has a better profitability margin than Tesco. With regards to the Liquidity ratio both the company are in a similar position. Both the companies should look at improving their financial performance to improve their return to the shareholders. Tesco PLC is a multinational grocery store located in Cheshunt, United Kingdom. It is presently the second largest retailer in the world in terms of revenues. It has its presence in 14 countries across Europe, Asia and North America. Tesco was originally a grocery retailer and has diversified geographically into many areas like books, clothing, retailing, furniture, electronics, petrol and software. It also has its presence in telecoms , financial services and internet services, music downloads and DVD rental. This report will take a look at the financial performances of the two companies; discuss possible users of such analysis and what they can do with this information. Discussion Profitability ratios Three profitability ratio for Sainsbury and Tesco are shown below Profitability Ratio for the year ended 2013 Sainsbury Tesco Gross profit margin 0.05 0.06 Net Profit margin 0.03 0.02 Return on Equity 0.11 0.08 Gross Profit margin is used to measure the financial health of a company. It reveals the amount of money which is left over after deducting the cost of goods sold from the revenues. It is the source of paying for additional expenses and future savings. It indicates the manufacturing efficiency of the production process for the company. A high gross profit margin signifies that a company can make profit while keeping the overhead cost in control. A low margin indicates that a company is not able to control it s production cost. Retail Industry average of Gross profit margin is around 10%. But for both the companies it is below the industry standard. For Sainsbury it is 5% and for Tesco it is 6%. For both the company the cost of sales is high as percentage of its sales. For Sainsbury the cost of goods sold comprises of 95% of the sales figure and for Tesco it is 94%. Both the company must try to reduce its operating cost to improve its efficiency. There are ways to improve the gross profit margin. The company should look to optimise its price structure and should not look at discounting their prices. The company should try to sell goods at higher margins. The company should try to improve the inventory systems like less theft, stock obsolescence. Net Profit Margin The Net profit margin is how much dollar is earned by the company ultimately for each dollar of sales achieved by them. Similar to gross profit margin, their ratio shows the efficiency of the company. This ratio shows the compan y’s pricing policies and how efficient the company is in running its operation. Retail Industry average of Net Profit margin is 10%. For both the companies the ratio is well below the industry average. For both the companies the Net profit margin is nearly the same. They must try to improve their ratio so that the efficiency increases. The companies should try to increase their volume of goods sold. They should aim to decrease their purchase cost, increase their conversion rate of raw materials, and sell goods at higher margins. Return on Equity Return on Equity is another measure of efficiency of the management in generating the returns for the capital invested by the shareholders. The higher is the ratio the better it is for the shareholders to invest their money into the company. In retail industries companies require huge capital to invest in their business. Hence the companies should generate high returns. The industry average of ROE is 15%. Both the companies are both b elow their standard figure. ROE of Sainsbury is higher than that of Tesco. This shows that

Karl Marx and Capitalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Karl Marx and Capitalism - Essay Example The basic premise of Marx’s theory about the value of labor is the claim that the value of a commodity is defined by the average number of labor-hours that go into its production. Then, the profit a capitalist makes when such a commodity is sold is what forms the surplus value of the commodity, and is not his rightful share but what he makes by cheating the laborer. The capitalist buys labour-power in order to use it; and labour-power in use is labour itself. † (Kelso, 2005, n.p.) Here, if one were to take into account the scientific and technological developments the world has seen since the industrial revolution, we find that it’s the capital-provider who becomes the rightful recipient of the profits made by them by selling the product. Let me elaborate. With the advancement of technology, we have seen times, as much as we are seeing now, the production of machines that create more machines, automated ones too, which create a commodity that is sold. The machines themselves form a commodity too. Thus the profits that are brought home would be deserved by the ones that produced them: the machines which are owned by the capitalist, and hence the profit should go to him or her. Besides, if a product’s value were to be defined by the number of labor-hours that go into it’s making, then the fundamental paradox that is brought out is an interesting one: how can a product, say, an automated coffee-maker be of such a low value as the number of man-hours a labourer spends in operating the machine that makes it?

Module 3 and Journal Article Review 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Module 3 and Journal Article Review 3 - Essay Example The aging population of Germany, Romania and Sweden causes economic and social stir while each country has their own face of the problem and significant ways on solving it. Germany, Romania and Sweden share a common problem: a rapidly increasing aging population and its implications on the economic and social sector of their respective communities. However, they differ from the kind of effect this problem has done and the approach to meet the rising demand of the elderly care. Germany, as the most populous country in the European Union ironically faces a problem of birth rate decline and higher life expectancies (Weaver, n.d.a). In response, the country strengthened the rules on elderly care with the aim of providing the elderly a high quality of life. The extensive German healthcare systems provide a successful implementation of the German health care for the elderly laws. In fact, the German welfare system is one of Europe’s most comprehensive (Weaver, n.d.a). The countryâ⠂¬â„¢s increasing aging population is projected to have an effect on the country’s economy with a direct impact on the supply of human resource. Germany’s rules are comparable to that of the Sweden. ... nt concerns the disproportionate ratio between the pensioners and the total working force; the pensioners are 6 million while there are only â€Å"4.5 million who are actively employed. This is not just a major economic burden but also has subsequent social impact. If this trend would continue for several years more, the working population would be burdened with taxes. Consequently, the effect is a possible discrimination against the elderly as impotent and costly sector of the community. While Germany and Sweden aim for a high quality of life for its elders, Romania is on a struggle of compensating the needs of their aging population. The two countries mentioned may be fortunate than Romania but their effects would not be least destructing as it would still affect the future workforce. The most probable solution is the import of human resource from less developed countries. Journal Review 3 Germany: Family diversity with low actual and desired fertility--analysis An alarmingly low fertility rate is a demographic holocaust suffered by most developing countries nowadays. In the European nations, Germany is one of the countries to experience this kind of demographic problem and has anticipated adverse effects on the economy despite of its economic achievements. Two contrasting events suffer the demographic situation of modern Germany: first, is the baby boom in the 1960’s and the decline of birth rates in the succeeding decades. Germany is currently facing a challenge on the increasing ageing population with direct effects â€Å"giving rise to a threat to the social security systems† (Dorbritz, 2008). In the article by Jurgen Dorbitz, the writer explores on the core cause of Germany’s ageing population, its reasons and effects on the future of German Economy. Summary

Karl Marx and Capitalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Karl Marx and Capitalism - Essay Example The basic premise of Marx’s theory about the value of labor is the claim that the value of a commodity is defined by the average number of labor-hours that go into its production. Then, the profit a capitalist makes when such a commodity is sold is what forms the surplus value of the commodity, and is not his rightful share but what he makes by cheating the laborer. The capitalist buys labour-power in order to use it; and labour-power in use is labour itself. † (Kelso, 2005, n.p.) Here, if one were to take into account the scientific and technological developments the world has seen since the industrial revolution, we find that it’s the capital-provider who becomes the rightful recipient of the profits made by them by selling the product. Let me elaborate. With the advancement of technology, we have seen times, as much as we are seeing now, the production of machines that create more machines, automated ones too, which create a commodity that is sold. The machines themselves form a commodity too. Thus the profits that are brought home would be deserved by the ones that produced them: the machines which are owned by the capitalist, and hence the profit should go to him or her. Besides, if a product’s value were to be defined by the number of labor-hours that go into it’s making, then the fundamental paradox that is brought out is an interesting one: how can a product, say, an automated coffee-maker be of such a low value as the number of man-hours a labourer spends in operating the machine that makes it?

Globalization processes Essay Example for Free

Globalization processes Essay Globalization had brought different effects to the society. It had changed that world and how the world processes. Different states join together in creating a better world for humanity. Different businesses establish parts of their business in different parts of the planet in order to provide work for the underdeveloped or developing nations. Most of these nations profit from the globalization processes of the world because this is the way in which they acquire profit. Having a Multi-national Corporation (MNC) invest in one of those nations provides good opportunity not only for the government but also the people. Among the entities involved in the process of globalization, the people are said to profit most for the reason that they are given opportunities and jobs for their family. However in another perspective, the MNCs could be seen as the most profitable entity in the aspect of globalization. It is known to many that the labor pay for the people of the developed and underdeveloped nations are lower than the average labor wage of developed nations. Through investing in different developed and under developed nations, the MNCs are able to save more profit than they usually have. Within the process of expansion of these MNCs one of the most affected individuals are the women. Most underdeveloped and developing nations provide less labor pay for the women in comparison to men. Although now a days gender equality had been slowly implemented, most of these countries still adhere to their conservative perspective that men and women should not be treated or provided equal treatment. One good example is Bangladesh in which hosts different garment factories in the country (Sachs, 2004). It is known that the work of sewing is immediately associated with women. Therefore, they need women workers to be able to do the work on the garments. Most of the brands being produced by women are â€Å"GAP, Polo, Yves Saint Laurent, Wal-Mart JC-Penny and others† (Sachs, 2004). In support to the issue mentioned by Jeffrey Sachs (2005) in his book â€Å"The End of Poverty† other articles also stated the same concern in which Sachs had mentioned. Most corporations prefer having their businesses moved to underdeveloped or developing nations due to the factor of culture and specifically, â€Å"feminine† traits. It is said. In the written work of Thrift (1989) and Taylor (1992) it is specifically stated that Malay women are one of the races in which they prefer in working with some of their products, â€Å"fast fingers, fine eyes sight, the passivity to withstand low-skilled, unstimulating work are said to be biological attributes to be unique to ‘oriental’ women (Thrift and Taylor p. 134). In addition, a Chinese engineer stated that, â€Å"Our work is designed for females†¦ if we employ men, within two or three months they’d run away†¦ Girls under thirty are easier to train and easier to adapt to the job function† (Thrift and Taylor p. 134). Evidently, the MNC’s prefer women in comparison to men due to the personalities that they have. MNCs know that they cannot treat men like they could treat women therefore, making women the main target of these corporations. In the context of the cost of labor, most MNC’s prefer women because they are given less compensation compared to men. In countries such as Malaysia, men have provided higher salaries therefore making them less of a priority to be hired. It is also believed by most MNC’s that unschooled women in Malaysia could only use some training and after a while they will be more efficient to work in factories (Ong, 1987). This context is very degrading for men. Men are not preferred due to their nature and personality. In another side, women are more empowered because they are preferred by most companies. They are able to provide for their family’s needs without being dependent on men. But if seen in a cultural perspective, become the breadwinner of the family. Although it brings positive outcome for women, the changes in structure of the society will be present and slowly evident (Sachs, 2004). With these types of situation one may ask, how do these situations come about? Such situations become evident to the society of underdeveloped and developing countries due to their need to uplift the situation of their economy. Most of these nations are indebt with developed countries, the IMF (International Monetary Fund) or the (WB) World Bank. If one could recall, there had become a debt crisis during the 1980’s in which made many nations indebt to different monetary organization to be able to survive (Sachs and Collins, 1989). Until this very day, many nations are still struggling to create answered to the decade long debt that they have. One of the answers they have seen is Foreign Direct Investments (FDI). In this type of solution, the underdeveloped and developing nations call upon the developed states to invest business in their countries. These developing and underdeveloped countries create way in which they could invite foreign investors in their country. Few of those schemes are the free trade zones and their women workers. With this situation, most of the MNCs take advantage of the tax-free situations and the subsidies given by the host government (Arregui and Baez, 1991). With the studies done by Arregui and Baez, they stated that women workers is also one of the reasons in which transnational companies decided to invest in the specific underdeveloped or developing countries. In addition, it is also stated that in the history of the world, most women are given low compensation (Arregui and Baez, 1991). Most of the time, these women are the most vulnerable and exploited workers because they have no choice but to agree upon the compensation given to them. Although Thrift and Taylor indicated that the skills needed are less compared to other works, Arregui and Baez firmly stated that the internalization of work currently requires more skills than before. With their view of the gender aspects of men and women, the authors have identified that having higher wages for men is very important in order to provide for their family. (Arregui and Baez, 1991)Such situation must be taken into consideration given that men, in the norms of the society are immediately entitled to provide for his family. Women on the other hand are not required to do so because of their responsibilities in the home. In context, having high salary for men is positive while women having high salary imply negativity. Sachs also adheres to this type of idea. He stated that the relationship of the family members becomes different. If the women are given high salary, the men would immediately be regarded to take care of the children compared to the usual. There is a great tendency that the women would be working for the family while the men will work at home and handle the children (Sachs, 2004). However, the current economic situations of the families in the underdeveloped and developing countries are in need to have a better economic lifestyle than what they have at present. The current lifestyle of families is that the mother and the father work for their children but then the lack of emotional attachment becomes an issue. In Sachs’ opinion, such problem does not only affect the gender responsibilities of men and women but also the welfare of the next generation.

Unity3d Game On Android Platform Computer Science Essay

Unity3d Game On Android Platform Computer Science Essay Unity3D is a popular 3D game engine in recent years, which is particularly suitable for independent game developers and small teams. It is a cross-platform game development software which mainly comprises eight products such as the Unity, Unity Pro, Asset Server, iOS, iOS Pro, Android and Android Pro. Without writing complex codes, programmers can quickly develop a scene by using the visual integrated development environment of Unity3D. Unity3D has special tools in easily programming a game. For example, platform-related operations are encapsulated in its internal, the complex game object-relations are managed by different visual views, and JavaScript, C # or Boo scripting languages are applied to program a game. A script program will be automatically compiled into a .NET DLL file, so the three scripting languages, in essence, have the same performance, their execution speed is 20 times faster than traditional JavaScript. These script languages have good cross platform ability as well. That means developers can deploy games on different platforms such as Windows, Mac, Xbox 360, PlayStation 3, Wii, iPad, iPhone and Android. In addition, games can run on the Web by installing a plug-in. That means developers can deploy games on different platforms such as Windows, Mac, Xbox 360, PlayStation 3, Wii, iPad, iPhone and Android. In addition, games can run on the Web by installing a plug-in. There are many techniques for de veloping Unity3D game. These methods have some of the drawbacks. Analysis: This part summarizes existing method related to my research work on Unity3D game on Android platform. 1. Augmented Reality and Image Recognition Based Framework for Treasure Hunt Games (2012) Zsolt Balint, Botond Kiss, Beata Magyari and Karoly Simon introduced the new possibilities in game creation and customization [1]. They proposed the framework that supports the development of these types of games, and provides exciting new possibilities offered by virtually. The framework is based on client-server architecture and its complexity is relatively high, being composed by several subsystems. Client applications have been developed for the iOS and the Android mobile platforms. While playing, the checkpoints provided by the server are displayed on a map, and a proposed route is marked to help the user finding and reaching them. The Android client also uses the Mina framework for establishing the connection with the server. The communication between the server and the mobile client applications is based on the TCP/IP protocol .The main advantage of Mina is efficient concurrency handling. Thousands of client requests can be served at the same time, using a single execution thr ead on server-side. It is not necessary to perform expensive thread creation operations when new clients are connected. They proposed new software that consists of three subsystems: server, Android client and iOS client. The development of a new game requires the customization of some framework elements. A framework for the development of augmented reality- based adventure games for Android and iOS platforms has been proposed. Due to the software architecture, a high number of simultaneously connected clients can be served; the system can be easily maintained and upgraded. By customizing specific elements from the framework online treasure and scavenger hunt games can be easily created and published. The searched treasures are part of the augmented reality, in this way the cost of game creation is significantly reduced in contrast to games with real objects. Furthermore, augmented reality can serve with many other interesting solutions, allowing the transformation of scenes. For treasure localization image recognition methods are used. In this way objects can be localized more precisely, and the application can be used inside buildings. 2. A Study and Implementation of Graphics Engine on Android Platform (2012) Cuixia Ni, Guang Jin and Xianliang Jiang developed a new graphics engine [2]. They used testing environment is the Android and the testing tool is Android Virtual Device. This study can be divided into three modules. It includes text spirit module, animation module and auxiliary module. The text spirit is the text content that is displayed on the scene. Due to the improvement of games and high expectations from players, games scenes have transformed from static to dynamic. The players hope that the games scenes are dynamic and variable. In this paper, they used the timer, tiled textures and some basic transformation to realize those functions. Timer Handler Class sets a series of time for the events and triggers them at the given time. Physics Handler Class is the base of the movement effect. The functions are to make an animation according to the simple physical rules and the interaction effect more verisimilitude, which can give players a better experience. 3. An Innovative ICT Service Creation Approach based on IMS and Android Collaboration ( 2011) Chung-Shih Tang, Yi-Kai Chiang, Chin-Yuen Twu, Ying-Dian Tsou, and Gong-Da Fan proposed a typical network architecture including the IMS core network for voice communication and Android Apps network for application download and execution [3]. This paper describes the SIP Clients in Android CPEs register to the IMS Core, which is mainly composed of Home Subscriber Server (HSS) and S-CSCF, and communicates to each other through the IMS session control. The Android CPEs, at the same time, can download applications from any Android Apps market. Some applications are stand-alone and fully executed on local Android CPEs. Some others may need the Android CPEs to cooperate with their corresponding 3rd party AP Servers. An integrated ICT service creation platform is proposed and implemented by them to support the development of IMS-initiated collaborative Android applications. Based on the proposed approach, telecom operators not only operate and manage their own Android markets, but also mak e best use of the telecom services and thus increase their competitiveness. Introducing such an ICT service creation platform into IMS-based NGN is expected of great advantage. They described, significant effects at least include: (a) revenue gained from Android apps download and execution; (b) enhanced utilization of existing telecom resources; (c) adhesion degree improvement of telcos subscribers; (d) a new-style use case of integrated ICT Android apps; and finally (e) without large investment on an IMS based NGN. 4. Design and Implementation of the Game Engine based on Android Platform (2011) Wu Yan-hui Yao Xia-xia He-Jin proposed the game engine design which is need to analysis the operating mechanism of the game [8]. They took Android for example and analyzed the design principle that is behind the game engine on Android and executed the game engine whats going on it. From their programming understanding, they said that the game on Android platform has an activity class, a process control class, a game thread class and some others game objects. Activity is the basic execute unit of one game and it is responsible for control the life cycle of the game, such as, start the game, pause and exit from the game and so on. In this part of the paper the authors mentioned that a process control class provides switch way between multiple interfaces (such as the start screen, main menu, game scene, help information and so on), besides that the users can control the running of the game. Game thread class continuously cycle between events that may occur, calculates the game state and refresh the screen. The event that the game program deal with can be divided into two types: one is generated from hardware device (such as the keyboard is pressed), and the other type is produced by internal objects in game program (such as the collision between game objects). Game objects are the actual movement entity of the game. The authors also mentioned that the game objects need to define the corresponding pictures and actions to perform in the game. When special event occurs, game objects will execute corresponding action according to running logic of the game. In order to enhance the running effect of the game, the player, timer, labels and other components are often used in games. More complex games also can be divided into a number of units according to the game plot and each unit is regarded as a game scene. In order to improve the running efficiency of the game, they introduced JNI into the development of game engine. 5. Adaptive Classification and Strategy Making System for Android Soccer Games (2012) Ming-Yuan Shieh, Juing-Shian Chiou, Chun-I Ko proposed the signal processing procedures in an android robot soccer game [5]. While the game starts, the top view image sequences of the field captured by the global CCD camera firstly, then the objective features of the robots, the ball and the environmental objects such as the door will be determined after digital image processing procedures. These objective features will offer the strategy making subsystem decision making data for path planning, game strategy decision and movement control command determination. There are two necessary steps before the proposed image processing procedures. The one is to execute a global image indexing scan; it intends to determine the center locations of objects such as ball and robots. Another step is to perform another scan for local recognition of objects. It aims to distinguish what the object is the ball, or a mated robot, or an opponent. The visual subsystem in the proposed system mainly consists of a CCD camera, a frame grabber card, attached modules and digital image processing programs. The key goal is to determine objective parameters of every object in the game field such as the locations of the ball, the robots, the door and the sidelines. He describes the sequences of image processing procedures are used in the proposed visual subsystem. He implemented a vision based android robot soccer system in actual FIRA AndroSot game. A visual subsystem is designed for recognition of objective features based on an omni-directional vision system. The host computer accomplishes image processing, strategy making, control command decision, and offer appropriate commands to every android robot to kick ball, trace, or defense. Based on SOMNN scheme, the object segmentation is insensitive of variant illumination. The adaptive algorithm of background generation provides proper salient motion detections. 6. Research on Key Technologies Base Unity3D Game Engine (2012) Jingming XIE developed the component model which is applied in the Unity3D game and provides a scalable programming architecture [6].Unity3D has many predefined components. Programmers can combine some of them to create a featurerichGameObject. In game development, besides directly using GameObjects predefined in Unity3D, programmers can create an empty GameObject with the information about position, rotation and scale of an object, and then add scripts or other components into it. In order to facilitate the same type of game object management, Unity3D affords the Prefab that is a technology like a template. A Prefab can contain both objects and game resources such as 3D models. There are a number of scripts in a game. A script is a class controlling the behavior of a game, which should inherit a base class called MonoBehaviour. MonoBehaviour defines common event triggering methods. When a predefined event occurs, an appropriate method will be automatically executed. They used distri bution of four android classes in Unity3D are AndroidInput, AndroidJNIHelper, AndroidJNI, AndroidJavaObject. They had generated the Random NPCs using Dynamic Algorithm. NPC is the abbreviation of non-player character. That the number and location of NPCs are dynamically changed can keep players strong interesting on a game and extend the vitality of the game. NPCs can be designed by the difficulty and logic of a game, this algorithm can be called when some NPCs need to be created in a game. There are mainly two ways of firing bullets in game development. One is that a true 3D object is modeled by decorating a bullet with texture and color. This approach needs to control the flight path of a bullet and destroy the bullet when it is out of bounds. Another method is to use ray tracing technology. That the light collides with an object means a bullet hits the object. In order to get more realistic effects, cartridge cases are pop-upped or sparks are twinkled at the gunpoint when bullets are fired. Moreover, drawing light between the launch point and target point can more realistically simulate the firing of bullets. In a 3D shooting game, a sight is usually provided to players. Players can move a mouse to control it for firing. The principle of this technique is to place a graphic sight in the center of the screen. Moving the mouse is equal to move the camera, which will cause the illusion of the sight moving in the screen. In fact, the coordinates of the camera are real target coordinates in game codes. 7. Mobile Technology for Games and Augmented Reality (2011) Jon A Preston, Jeff Chastine proposed the object-oriented approach which is utilize more advanced game engines such as the Unity Pro engine [7]. The main objective of this paper is Students are quickly able to utilize these in their games to realize advanced games, and this drives a deeper understanding of the concepts. They utilized the Unity engine, which was also free but can be upgraded to a pro edition to deploy to mobile devices. Beyond traditional games as many would imagine, these technologies can be utilized in interesting ways that appeal to a broad audience. They described one such example in a mobile augmented reality smart book where the user can interact with virtual objects which show atop the real world via the phones camera. When the user flips a page of the book, the characters on the phone can change, move around, and also interact with objects on the page of the book. Such experiences can be useful to bring creativity to students as they design not only the comput ational aspect on the phone but also the artistic aspect within the book. The virtual character within the phone standing on top of a picture in the real world, and this captures the type of experience and knowledge. Given the ubiquity of mobile computing devices and their appeal to students and given the accessibility of modern game engines, students can benefit from working with Unity and the Qualcomm Augmented Reality Toolkit. 8. Implementing Gymkhanas with Android Smartphones, a Multimedia M-Learning Game (2011) Gregorio Robles, Jesus M. Gonzalez-Barahona presented a design of a generic game (gymkhanas) using Android mobile phone technology [4]. The main advantage of their work is participants, web-based infrastructure for the organizers and web services that allows interaction between them. The main objective of their work is to simplify and increase the experience of the participants. They have presented this, a game where users, usually in teams, have to surpass one challenge after the other. These type of games can be used with learning purposes by focusing questions on the content to be learned, and also consider other type of learning such as cooperative working and geographic (or local, in the case of a city) knowledge. They have shown how this implementation of system using smartphones outperforms traditional system both in technical terms as well as in the human resources devoted to organizing and controlling such an event. Once the system has been installed, no complex technical kn owledge is required for organizers and participants: organizers may set-up and run a gymkhana using a simple web interface, while participants face a typical smartphone application environment to surpass challenges. Depending on the type of challenge, participants will make use of the technologies commonly found in smartphones, such as geopositioning and pictures. Additional features include instant messaging between participants and organizers and the possibility of using augmented reality. 9. A New Method of Virtual Reality Based on Unity3D (2010) Sa Wang, Zhengli Mao, Changhai Zeng, Huili Gong, Shanshan Li, Beibei Chen. Used Unity3D as the development platform for virtual reality [9]. They designed Browser-Server three-tier architecture VR-based framework which is including 3 layers: presentation layer, logic layer and data layer. They adopted the hierarchical approach of geographic information system and they divided the study area into four layers: Terrain layer, Building layer, Transport layer and Vegetation layer. Unity3D has a highly optimized graphics pipeline for both DirectX and OpenGL. During the process of creating a scene, works in Unity3D are as follows: Shading, Programming, Collision Detection, and Showing Information by GUI Control, Publishing and Integrating. Unity3D comes with 40 shaders ranging from the simple to advance. All the built-in shaders integrate perfectly with any type of light, with cookies or without. They described, in order to publish online; the virtual reality system is generated by the first kind: Web Player. The project generates the system by build settings in File. We can also generate other kinds of systems, such as Windows Standalone, if we choose this kind of build settings, there will be an executable file and can set up in users computers. So, the virtual reality system could be run in different purpose even different operation system. 10. PicoLife: A Computer Vision-based Gesture Recognition and 3D Gaming System for Android Mobile Devices (2011) Mahesh Babu Mariappan, Xiaohu Guo, Balakrishnan Prabhakaran developed PicoLife which is powered by two engines [10]. First one is a mobile optimized computer vision engine based on OpenCV that tracks the users hand in realtime. Second one is a 3D engine that runs their motion-capture guided 3D models, which make up the game characters. They described the object tracking and the 3D modeling processes involved in PicoLife. This paper describes three main implementations: a) the training procedures for Cascaded Haar Classifiers later for performing real-time object tracking efficiently on the mobile platforms. b) the procedure for real-time object tracking using Cascaded Haar Classifiers. For the purpose of tracking, they used the Haar training XML file that they obtained after training the Haar classifiers. Firstly, get the image from the live video sequence. Secondly, convert the image to grayscale using a call to the cvtcolor function. Thirdly, they improve the contrast of the image that is getting processed. c) the 3D modeling process that they used to create the game characters. To obtain realistic animation effects, they used motion capture equipment to accurately capture human motions in a 3D space. They gave the specific focus on (1) advanced mobile-optimized real-time object tracking engine for recognizing hand gestures for a novel vision-based gaming interface and (2) advanced motioncapture guided 3D modeling pipeline for creating the game characters. They benchmarked three different mobile platforms, namely, Texas Instruments OMAP3630 (Motorola Droid X running Android Gingerbread), Qualcomms MSM8660 Snapdragon (HTC Evo 3D running Android Gingerbread) and the Texas Instruments OMAP4430 (Blaze Development platform running Android Gingerbread) using four computer vision algorithms used in PicoLife (FAST, STAR, SURF, Cascaded Haar Classifiers) and our 3D models(static and dynamic). Conclusion: Unity3D is not only applicable for game development, but it can also be used to develop applications in real world. If we want to develop some special functions of the scenes in a simple way, we can use the script or editor of unity3d. The most powerful editor is Visual Studio; the scenes in Untiy3D can also be compiled with Visual Studio by adding UnityEngine.dll. C. The affinity of the development language makes the existing mobile applications easily transplanted to Android platform. At the same time, Android is a Linux-based system, the large number of open source application library included in Linux can be used to develop abundant applications. Based on the Linux kernel, Android provides a variety of available library and a complete application framework. Android owns Apache copyright, and also provides Google-made Dalvik virtual machine to run applications. The Platform of Android with Unity3D Game can shorten the development cycle significantly. The combination of Unity3D and Android is efficient, user-friendly interface, and provide more parameters to be customized, so that new users can use this game better to play and quickly.

Geography of Trinidad :: Essays Papers

Geography of Trinidad Just seven miles of northeast of its mother land Venezuela, separated by the Gulf of Paria , Trinidad is one of only 1,864 square miles. It is an island surrounded by the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean. With a longitude (W) of between 60* 54' and 61*56', Trinidad has a latitude (N) of between 10* 3' and 10* 50'.With a tropical climate and rainy season that runs form June to December, unlike the other Caribbean Islands, Trinidad is not on the tropical storms and hurricane paths. Moreover the mountains of Trinidad are unlike those of the other Caribbean Islands. Trinidad has mountains that stretch southwards to the plain and along the gulf and down to the sea, the mountains lay along the whole northern boarder. Its mountains are not steep, cone shaped and rugged. From east to west the mountains of Trinidad run in three lines that are parallel but are separated by two large valleys. As De Verteuil wrote â€Å" Trinidad, being a comparatively newly-settled island, presen ts in many parts the appearance of a wild unreclaimed country. It is covered with dense and lofty forests, the heavy appearance of endless woodland being only broken here and there by vast savannahs, or by the effort of agricultural industry, - except, perhaps, at the Naparimas , where an extensive district is under uninterrupted cultivation.† As beautiful as the valleys are, the plantations have its own beauty, filled with cane-fields and cacao plants, giving it a violet-red hue when the leaves are young, and a range of colors from red, yellow, green, and dark crimson pod withy the older branches. Trees are also very colorful, some have flowers and some such as the Poui have a brilliant yellow color, The Roble has an orange color, and there are many other trees that have colors from white to pink and violaceouse. At the same time, because most of the population deals with plantation, as estimated in 1993, fifteen percent of the land is permanent crops and nine percent permane nt pastures, there are many environmental issues. Some of these current issues in Trinidad include â€Å"water pollution from agricultural chemicals, industrial wastes, and raw sewage; oil pollution of beaches; deforestation; soil erosion†. Trinidad also has many valuable natural resources such as natural gas, asphalt, and petroleum.

The Effect of Cultural Difference on Intercultural Marriage Essay

The Effect of Cultural Difference on Intercultural Marriage As the world integrates, more and more people are leaving their mother lands to visit, study and work overseas. Young people now have more opportunities to meet prospective partners from other cultures than they had in the past. â€Å"The number of intercultural couples is increasing worldwide.† (Klein, par.3) Many intercultural couples claim that their relationships do not differentiate from monoculture relationships at first. Passionate love bonds them. When their relationships come to a stable stage after a while, however, cultural difference immerges. The couples can certainly benefit from cultural difference yet they also have to face the challenges resulted from it. This paper will examine such effect that cultural difference takes on intercultural marriage According to Dugan Romano, intercultural couples increase self-knowledge by being forced to examine and define their own values, ideas, and prejudices. (Romano 179) They all feel richer and less parochial after they spend many years together trying to work things through. They are able to be exposed into other cultures thoroughly as well as to strengthen the understandings of their own cultures. Cultural difference also introduces more lifestyle options to intercultural couples, which will enrich their life. Even if a couple ends up choosing one’s home country as their permanent residence, they will definitely visit the other’s hometown pretty often. Sometimes they live in a third country, which means they’ll go to both of their home countries from time to time. They have chances to travel in many places, experience different customs, and have friends from diverse backgrounds. â€Å"My mom told me it was her int... ... For people who are considering entering intercultural marriage, it is very important to seriously weigh the pros and cons of the cultural difference before making a final decision. Works Cited Drumm, Tamula. â€Å"Mixed Marriage- Why Expats Marry Forefingers and Then What Happens.† Transitions Abroad July/ August 2001 Transitions Abroud Publishing, Inc. . Klein, Amy. â€Å"Marrying Across Cultures.† Studio Classroom April 2004 Studio Classroom Magazine . Larabell, Joseph. â€Å"Sobering Advice for Anyone Contemplating a Across-cultural Marriage.† Joseph L.(Joe) Larabell the Suburban Eclectic 9 June 2003 Joseph Larabell . Romano, Dugan. Intercultural Marriage/Promises and Pitfalls. Yarmouth, MN: Intercultural P, 1997. Xu, Mingyang. â€Å"A Chinese-American Mixed Marriage---A Mini Story.† Hua Xia Wen Zhai CND Magazine March 1993 China News Digest International, Inc. .

Exchange Rates and Forward Contracts Analyses Essay

The appreciation of the Australian dollar would affect the investor in a positive manner. When the U. S. firm invested in Australian dollar in the Australian money market, consequently the returns would be in Australian dollar, there would be a gain on the side of the U. S firm. This would mean that the return in U. S dollar would be greater after Australian dollar’s appreciation. When the U. S firm has to repay the borrowed money in Japanese yen, it needs more U. S dollars than how much it should have been if the Japanese yen did not appreciate. This means a loss on foreign exchange transaction for the U. S firm. â€Å"Price it now and deliver later† is the underlying concept for â€Å"forward contracts† (Kolb, 2002) protecting parties from possible exchange rate fluctuations. Since Wolfpack expects British pounds to be appreciating, and it is invoicing in this currency, it is better NOT to hedge its exports with a forward contract. Pricing at the current exchange rate means lesser US dollar returns as compared to the appreciated British pounds that can purchase more U. S dollars for Wolfpack in its home country.

Asean Solution for Rohingya Plight Essay

WHY is Asean silent on the issue of Rohingya Muslims, who have been suffering for centuries under the Myanmar army junta? Recently, they were told to leave the country to a third world nation willing to receive them. This is cruelty towards their own people and it seems that the world is just watching the injustice done to them, without any assistance, support or solution. In June 2012, over 2000 people were displaced in sectarian violence in Myanmar, in which most victims were Muslims. The government promised a full investigation. Representatives from different religions and minorities condemned the atrocities inflicted on the Rohingya Muslims which is a serious human rights violation that the United Nations should stop immediately. In June 2012, 11 innocent Muslims were killed by the Burmese Army and the Buddhist mobs after bringing them down from a bus. A vehement protest was carried out in the Muslim majority province of Arakan, but the protesters fell victims to the tyranny of the mob and the army. People were reported killed and millions of homes destroyed in fires as Rohingyas and Buddhist-ethnic Arakanese clashed in western Myanmar. Myanmar has a Buddhist majority. The Muslim minority in Myanmar are mostly the Rohingyas and the descendants of Muslim immigrants from India (including what is now Bangladesh) and China, as well as descendants of earlier Arab and Persian settlers. Indian Muslim were brought to Burma by the British to aid them in clerical work and business. After independence, many Muslims remained in the country. Over the years, thousands of Rohingyas have fled to Thailand. According to reports, there are roughly 111,000 refugees housed in 9 camps along the Thai-Myanmar border. In February 2009, there was evidence of refugees being towed to sea and abandoned and other reports of brutality by the Thai military in which Thailand’s then prime minister Abhisit Vejjajiva said that there were â€Å"some instances† in which Rohingyas were pushed out to sea. Will the present generation see the light of day? They are part of mankind, why then are we responding apathetically towards them? Asean must respond immediately to solve their issues. Please be sympathetic and empathetic towards the Rohingyas.